The exact chemical composition of herbs and spices have been reported to be greatly influenced by many factors such as part of the plant used, its vegetative state, environmental conditions, har vesting technique, etc. The pungency can be attributed to the presence of gingerols. Ginger zingiber officinale roscoe belongs to the zingiberacea family. The chemical compositions of the extract were compared with each other. The aromatic constituents include zingiberene and bisabolene, while the pungent constituents are known as gingerols and shogaols. Chemical composition of ginger essential oil the chemical composition of ginger essential oil with yield equal to 0.
The mineral elemental composition of ginger root samples as shown in table ii indicated that ginger is rich in essential minerals like. Medicinal properties of ginger zingiber officinale rosc. The minerals present in ginger are iron, calcium and phosphorous. Chemical composition and antioxidant properties of ginger root zingiber officinale article pdf available in journal of medicinal plant research 424. Active ingredients of ginger as potential candidates in. The extraction of the ginger essential oils began when steam contact to the ginger in the extraction tank. The essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation, and the chemical composition of the oil was determined by gcms. Printing patterns to pdf wild ginger software, inc.
Chemical composition and antioxidant properties of ginger root zingiber officinale shirin adel p. Microbiological status and nutritional composition of. The root essential oils were obtained by water distillation and analyzed by gas chromatography gc and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry gcms. The steam carried out the essential oils from the ginger out of the rhizome and go through the condenser. Each pdf file contains all of the information needed to display the document as. Extraction and characterization of essential oil ginger from. Antimicrobial activity of essential oil of zingiber. Pdf chemical composition and antioxidant properties of.
Ginger zingiber officinale is a flowering plant whose rhizome, ginger root or ginger, is widely used as a spice and a folk medicine. Ginger oleoresin was extracted from ginger rhizomes zingiber officinale using acetone. Quality attributes of ginger and cinnamon essential oils. Antioxidant activity of ginger extract and identification. Samir malhotra1 and amrit pal singh2 1department of pharmacology pgimer, chandigarh 2super specialty division, indswift lab, chandigarh correspondent author, email. Ginger zingiber officinale phytochemicalsgingerenonea. Ginger zingiber officinale is one of the most widely used natural products. Ginger preparation, trikatu, was a potent hypolipidemic agent because of its ability to reduce triglycerides and ldl cholesterol and to increase hdl. It is native to central asia and northeastern iran, and has long been a common seasoning worldwide, with a history of several thousand years of human consumption and use. The oils obtained by hydrodistillation showed higher levels of the.
Abstract the hydrodistilled essential oil of ginger zingiber officinale roscoe rhizomes of commerce from three different geograhical locations in india, viz. To determine the antimicrobial activity diffusion, agar dilution and radial. All oleoresin samples had monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes. Ginger zingiber officinale as an analgesic and ergogenic a. Abstract ginger is a plant recently gaining attention in the food and pharmaceutical industries because of its spice and medicinal importance. The juice obtained after filtration was treated with different quantities of garlic and ginger.
Ginger and turmeric starches hydrolysis 237 brazilian journal of chemical engineering vol. It is rich in various chemical constituents, including phenolic. Comparison of ginger zingiber officiale roscoe oleoresin. Extraction and characterization of essential oil ginger. Results obtained from the analysis of twenty six varieties of ginger showed that volatile oil, acetone extract, crude fibre and starch content varied from 1 to 2. Generally, the more pungent versions of ginger are more. Chemical composition and in vitro antifungal activity of. I declare that this thesis entitled extraction of essential oils from ginger rhizome using steam distillation method is the result of my own research except as. Microbiological status and nutritional composition of spices. It adds a strong, pungent flavour to dishes as a consequence of a number of chemical compounds it contains. Treatment effectiveness and lack of adverse effects have been reported for periods of ginger use ranging from 4 d to 3 wk.
The ginger rhizome has the following chemical composition. Chemical constituents of ginger such assesquiterpenes, diarylheptenones, gingereno nes a, b and c, and isogingerenon e b, have shown antifungal activity invitro. Ginger is utilized widely as a spice, for pickles, candies and as a medicinal herb. Evaluation of agroindustrial by products as potential local. Pdf the chemical composition and antioxidant activity in aqueous and solvent extracts of ginger root zingiber officinale were determined. It puts the uniquely indian use and history of turmeric and ginger plants into a global context of production and economic aspects. The effects of various types of feed additives on the.
In addition, it is also recommended in the management of rheumatic disorders and muscular pain5. Essential oil composition of ginger zingiber officinale. Smith were collected respectively from nghe an, province and ha tinh, province,vietnam. This research is an experimental research using 20 super chicken chickens that. Ginger zingiber officinale as an analgesic and ergogenic. The effects on drugresistant infections are, as yet, unknown. Accepted october, 2010 the chemical composition and antioxidant activity in aqueous and solvent extracts of.
Of these, zingiberene is the most dominant, making up 30% of the roots essential oil, whilst other contributors to the characteristic flavour of ginger include. It also contains vitamins such as thiamine, riboflavin, niacin and vitamin c. The highperformance liquid chromatography analysis revealed gingerol to be the major compound of the oleoresin and accounted to 12. An investigation of the chemical composition, and the nitrogen partition in the nitrogen complex of the garlic allium sativum has been carried out. Ginger has been noted to treat migraine headaches without sideeffects4. The analysis of the results of proximate composition showed that the moisture content of ginger reduced after oven drying while. Antioxidant activity of ginger extract and identification of its active components silvia mosovska a, dominika novakova, michal kalinakb adepartment of nutrition and food assessment, faculty of chemical and food technology, radlinskeho 9, 812 37 bratislava, slovakia. Ginger is widely used as either a food product or an herbal medicine in the world. Chemical and antioxidant parameters of dried forms of. Active ingredients of ginger as potential candidates in the. Antioxidant activity of ginger extract and identification of.
Uses, side effects, interactions, dosage, and warning. All agroindustrial by product samples were dried at 60 0 c for 24 h and ground to pass a 1 mm sieve. Physicochemical characterization and product development. Ginger also contains some amount of essential oils in the root, which is the reason for its fragrance.
Apr 02, 2018 molecular docking results showed that the eight ginger phytochemicals have strong interactions with sahppk protein, however, gingerenonea and shogaol displayed the highest goldscore of 63. At least one study10 that compares the effects of ginger and antibiotics on staphylococcus aureus and s. Other gingerol or shogaolrelated compounds 110%, which have been reported in ginger rhizome, include 6paradol, 1dehydrogingerdione, 6 gingerdione and 10gingerdione, 4 gingerdiol, 6gingerdiol, 8gingerdiol, and 10gingerdiol, and diarylheptanoids 59, 60. Each pdf file contains all of the information needed to display the document as it looked when it was created by the application. Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs nsaids are frequently used by athletes to manage and prevent pain. The plants of the genus mentha are widely used in cooking, cosmetics and popular medicine. Chemical composition and antioxidant properties of ginger. Numerous active ingredients are present in ginger including terpenes and oleoresin which called ginger oil. Chemical and antioxidant parameters of dried forms of ginger.
Ginger is a spice that can be commonly found in supermarkets and in the kitchen, either as the fresh root, or in dried, powdered form. Chemical investigation carried out in the past showed that ginger essential oil is mainly composed of zingiberene. Ginger and its healing properties ministry of health. The extraction conditions in the two processes, including pressure, temperature, extraction time, particle size of dried ginger, and the solventtoginger ratio were fixed so that the yields are highest. Chemical composition of ginger varieties and dehydration. It is grown and used in tropical countries of america, including mexico, where it is used for the treatment of throat infections. We investigated the chemical properties of medicinal and edible ginger cultivars using a liquidchromatography mass spectrometry lcms approach. Apart from the above similarity, following differences were also recorded. In this work ginger oleoresin was obtained with ethanol, isopropanol and liquid carbon dioxide. Studies on ginger oleoresin compositions and physical.
This research is an experimental research using 20 super chicken chickens that come from chicken growth research growth study. Molecular docking results showed that the eight ginger phytochemicals have strong interactions with sahppk protein, however, gingerenonea and shogaol displayed the highest goldscore of 63. Mizoram, chennai and two varieties from sikkim were analyzed by gc and gcms. In traditional herbal medicine, comprehensive understanding of bioactive constituent is important in order to analyze its true medicinal function. It is a herbaceous perennial which grows annual pseudostems false stems made of the rolled bases of leaves about one meter tall bearing narrow leaf blades. Chemistry the ginger rhizome has the following chemical composition. Data on maturity studies showed that the volatile oil, acetone extract and crude fibre content in ginger varieties increased steadily from september to december. Chemical analysis of ginger shows that it contains over 400 different compounds. Determination of volatile components in ginger using gas. Jul 12, 2014 chemical structure of active constituents. This book is intuitively organized by plant and use, allowing quick access to information. Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of fresh rhizome. It was known to ancient egyptians, and has been used both as a food flavoring and.
Ginger is a rhizome that grows underground from a seed piece sometimes called the mother. Chemical and antioxidant parameters of dried forms of ginger rhizomes aicha jelleda, angela fernandesb, lillian barrosb, hassiba chahdourab,c, lotfi achourc, isabel c. The acetone and 50% ethanolic extract of ginger in the doses of 100, 200 and 500 mgkg p. Analysis of chemical properties of edible and medicinal. Yield and gcms analysis and chemical composition of essential oils the low yields 0. Physiological and pharmaceutical effects of ginger. The result on mineral composition are in agreement with an earlier. Garlic allium sativum is a species in the onion genus, allium. Ginger oleoresin chemical composition, bioactivity and. Chemical structure of important phytochemicals present in ginger.
Its close relatives include the onion, shallot, leek, chive, and chinese onion. Ginger zingiber officinale as an analgesic and ergogenic aid in sport. Bioactive compounds and bioactivities of ginger zingiber officinale. Ginger zingiber officinale phytochemicalsgingerenonea and. It explores the plants from a botanical perspective, and goes into details of their chemical composition as well. Ginger also constitutes volatile oils approximately 1% to 3% and nonvolatile pungent components oleoresin. A comparative study on chemical composition and antioxidant activity of ginger zingiber officinale and cumin cuminum cyminum. Pure essential oil can be derived from a part of ginger plant that is the ginger rhizome by using steam distillation method. Exhaustive extraction with water removes 80% of the total nitrogen of which 67% is in the nonprotein form, largely made up of compounds precipitable by phosphotungstic acid in 5% sulphuric acid. Ginger zingiber officinale roscoe is a common and widely used spice. Zingiber officinale roscoe zingiberaceae known as adrak or ginger, is an important plant with several ethnomedicinal and nutritional uses. Effect of oven drying on proximate composition of ginger. Quality attributes of ginger and cinnamon essential oils from. Treatment effectiveness and lack of adverse effects have been reported for periods of ginger use ranging from 4 d.
Guenther 1985 characteristic of ginger green to yellow 1. It is a file format that was created to represent documents independent of specific application software and operating systems such as windows or mac. Evaluation of agroindustrial by products as potential. This study aims to determine the effect of giving various types of feed additives to the chemical composition value of super chicken chicken gallus domestica. Nov 27, 2014 as with all spices, fresh ginger root contains a large range of chemical compounds. On the other hand, it was noted that the antibiotics showed lower goldscore than the phytochemicals. Zingiber officinale, commonly known as ginger, is a species native of tropical asia.
Physical properties of ginger zingiber officinale by e. Fresh ginger slices were successfully dried from initial moisture content of 70% to 18 %. Microbial and physicochemical characteristics of locally. The aim of this study was to determine the chemical composition of essential oil of z. In this paper, a method was developed for determining volatile components in essential oils from both dried and fresh ginger by use of gas chromatography. A ginger preparation was administered to normal and cholesterolfed male rats in order to see if blood lipids would decrease. The gingers are all perennials with a rhizome, an usually underground, leafless stem. In addition, it contains other chemical substances like sesquiterpenoids and monoterpernoid in lesser quantities. To comply with organic standards and practices, the operator must document.
Chemical composition and functional properties of essential. The present work analyzes the chemical composition of the essential oils of several mentha species, and evaluates some functional properties such as antioxidant, anticholinesterase and antifungal, to corroborate their medicinal use. Identification of the chemical constituents in ginger zingiber. Chemical constituents of the root essential oils of. The inflorescences bear pale yellow with purple flowers and arise directly from the rhizome on separate. Microbial and physicochemical characteristics of locally produced pineapple juice treated with garlic and ginger were investigated. With the resolution improvement by chemometric methods upon twodimensional data from gcms, the.
Our pca results indicate the importance of acetylated derivatives of gingerol, not gingerol or shogaol. The agronomy and economy of turmeric and ginger 1st edition. Ginger is native to warmer parts of asia, such as china. Even if some of them reach above 10 m height as the giant alpinia boia from the fiji islands, others, such as some species of kaempferia, are hardly raised more than a few cm above the ground. Overview information ginger is a plant with leafy stems and yellowish green flowers. The seed rhizome looks similar to the mature ginger you find in the grocery store however unlike the supermarket ginger, this seed ginger is certified diseasefree and certified organic. It can be produced in many countries but it does best in moist, tropical conditions. Gingerols and shogaols present in ginger are pungent chemical substances. Elghorab ah, nauman m, anjum fm, hussain s, nadeem m.
In the fresh ginger rhizome, the gingerols were identified as the major active. Flow chart for dried, preserved ginger and essential ginger oil. Pdf chemical composition and antioxidant properties of ginger. Pineapple juice was produced by homogenizing the pulp portion of the pineapple fruit in a sterile blender. The ginger spice comes from the roots of the plant. Healthier lives through education in nutrition and.
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